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In essence only three varieties of grapes are used to make Champagne. They are Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay. There are small quantities of a few other grape varieties included, but for our purposes we shall concern ourselves with the three important ones.

Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier are both red grapes, however the pulp and therefore the juice is white, and a white wine can be made by gentle pressing of the grapes before the skins can impart any colour. The cellar master of the vineyard will decide how to blend the wines before the bubbles are created by the Méthode Champenoise.